Generating unstructured nuclear reactor core meshes in parallel. Vrain gtmhr gas turbinemodular helium reactor htgr high temperature gas reactor. Advanced high temperature inspection capabilities for. That is partly because of the higher efficiency and.
Significant efforts are underway in several member states to develop high temperature gas cooled reactors htgr based on either pebble bed or prismatic designs. Trends of maximum temperature for 0, 2, 4, 6 ms of air velocity in the air gap region 0 200 400 600 800 1200 1400 1600 1800 0306090120150180210 time hr te m p erature c hotpoint temperature of the core0ms hotpoint temperature of the vessel 0ms hotpoint temperature of the concrete wall 0ms hotpoint temperature of. Status of the very high temperature reactor system. In addition, the technologies for the vhtr are being advanced in the gas turbinemodular helium reactor gt. The thorium high temperature reactor in germany operated for 4 years, and japans high temperature engineering test reactor demonstrated 850c outlet temperatures. The paper the optimization of radiation protection in the design of the high temperature reactorpebblebed module proposes a methodology that jointly optimizes the system design and radiation protection of the high temperature reactorpebblebed module htrpm within the confines of the as low as reasonably achievable alara. Advanced high temperature inspection capabilities for small. The reactor core can be either a prismatic block reminiscent of a. The very high temperature reactor vhtr there has been a recent resurgence of interest for. This paper provides an initial description and technical analysis of its key features. The vhtr is a next step in the evolutionary development of high temperature gascooled reactors. Vhtr cooling system performance verified world nuclear news.
The first high temperature reactor with a closed he primary loop was proposed in 1945 in the us but never built. The vapourtec high temperature reactors are similar to the standard reactors but can enable reaction temperatures to go up to 250oc. It can supply nuclear heat and electricity over a range of core outlet temperatures between 700 and 950c, or more than 1 000c in future. Series oc are economical reactors ideal for low temperature gas or liquid service. Status of reactor physics activities on cross section.
The vhtr is a type of hightemperature reactor htr that can conceptually have an outlet temperature of c. Consequently, a detailed design of a fluidized bed reactor that would allow flexible operation at high temperature and high pressure at several gas velocities will be conducted in order to serve for the future development of new hydrodynamic models. Safety features of high temperature gas cooled reactor. Hightemperature heat exchangers and steam generators. High pressurehigh temperature reactor systems posted on may 16, 2011 september 26, 2011 parrs customizable reactors and pressure vessels can be designed for.
Onesixth of a vhtr core model generated by using coregen left. The high operating temperatures in a vhtr cause helium impurities to be aggravated. These temperatures are at the very limits of practical engineering materials. Vrain gtmhr gas turbinemodular helium reactor htgr high temperature gas reactor htr10 high temperature test reactor china. Technology assessments introduction high temperature reactor htr systems i.
The term typically refers to the next step in the evolutionary development of hightemperature gascooled reactors htgrs. Navigate to and select the edited file, and then click merge. Advanced high temperature inspection capabilities for advanced small modular reactors, that was performed at iowa state university. Advancedhigh temperature reactor an overview sciencedirect. A window will open, and you will be prompted to choose a file to merge with the original presentation. Development of hightemperature gascooled reactor htgr, also known as very hightemperature gascooled reactor vhtr for its generation iv designs, has continued for over half a century. Very high temperature reactor vhtr the very high temperature reactor vhtr is a graphitemoderated, heliumcooled reactor. The passive cooling system of the proposed very high temperature reactor vhtr has successfully passed simulation verification tests, the korea atomic energy research institute kaeri has announced. Japans httr provides a similar platform for block reactors. The high temperature reactor and process applications.
Status of the very high temperature reactor system nucleus. It will supply heat with high core outlet temperatures which will enable applications such as hydrogen production and process heat for the petrochemical industry. The status of hightemperature gascooled reactor development and design in the united states and other countries important benefits are foreseen from smaller, modular systems by l. The primary challenges of the vhtr are enumerated below. Manual or computer automated image analysis is performed to measure the. High temperature reactor assisted fluid fuel production is a longterm sustainable alternative.
Very high temperature reactor vhtr among the 6 candidates of the gen iv nuclear systems in the technical roadmap of gen iv international forum gif, the very high temperature reactor vhtr is primarily dedicated to the cogeneration of electricity and hydrogen, the latter being extracted from water by using thermochemical, electrochemical or hybrid processes. A small modular nuclear reactor to replace coal plants could be on the market within 5 years. Very high temperature reactor vhtr energy independence. In 2014, the generation iv international forum confirmed the very high temperature reactor vhtr as one of 6 promising reactor technologies that should be pursued in order to develop advanced reactors suitable for deployment in the 2030s. This opens up further reaction possiblities, for reactions that require excessive heating or very exothermic reactions. The basic technology for the vhtr has been established in former high temperature gascooled reactor plants dragon, peach bottom, avr, thtr, fort st. The high temperature gascooled reactor jrc publications. The moltensaltcooled advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr is a new reactor concept designed to provide very high temperature 750 to ec heat to enable efficient lowcost 1 thermochemical production of hydrogen h2 or 2 production of electricity. High temperature gascooled reactor htgr, which is a graphite moderated, helium cooled reactor, is particularly attractive due to capability of producing high temperature helium gas and its inherent safety characteristics, as well as an option to efficiently burn weaponsgrade plutonium for energy production. Still others are being developed at various stages, including. Production based on hightemperature steam electrolysis ngnp htse conceptual design direct coupled to htgr reactor for electrical power and process heat 600 mwth reactor could produce 85 million scfd hydrogen similar to a large steam methane reforming plant and 42 million scfd oxygen.
The prismatic very high temperature reactor vhtr is one of the leading candidates for the next generation nuclear plant ngnp in the u. The advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr for producing. High temperature pulseecho contact measurements have been performed with bspt bonded to 12. There are various iterations on this concept, most notably the vhtr very high temperature reactor, an iaea proposed generation iv design, the pebble bed reactor or the httr in all cases they share a number of common characteristics, so i shall group them under the umbrella of high temperature gas reactors htgrs. High and very high temperature reactor research for multipurpose energy applications. Atr advanced test reactor avr arbeitsgemeinschaft versuchsreaktor working group test reactor biso bistructural isotropic doe u. Moltensaltcooled advanced hightemperature reactor for. Sink spent nine years as a qualified nuclear engineering officer in the united states navy. Due to the very high resistance through the pebble. Examples of welding involved in joining the plates.
By virtue of its high temperature heat, a vhtr can be used in high temperature process heat applications, including hydrogen production and high efficiency electricity generation. Gascooled reactors have had a long and varied history dating back to the very early days of nuclear energy development. Inl in the us is no longer referring to the ngnp project reactor as a vhtr, but rather as a htgr. Description the reactor core 1 consists of nineteen prismatic beryllium oxide beo moderator blocks. Materials in generationiv very high temperature reactors. Advantages of very high temperature reactors clear passive safety mechanism 1. The reactor design will be a graphite moderated, thermal neutron spectrum reactor that will produce electricity and hydrogen in a highly efficient manner. These safety phenomena and safety features of modular htgr depend on the high quality of triso particle fuel, proper design of core geometry to disperse the residual heat, the selected power density in order to limit the maximum fuel temperature after accident, ceramic core structure and coolant which can withstand very high temperature, and.
The status of hightemperature gascooled reactor development. The veryhightemperature reactor vhtr, or hightemperature gascooled reactor htgr, is a generation iv reactor concept that uses a graphitemoderated nuclear reactor with a oncethrough uranium fuel cycle. S department of energy doe is conducting research on the very high temperature reactor vhtr design concept for the next generation nuclear plant ngnp project. History and promise of high temperature gas cooled reactors. The baseload operations are very similar to a naturalgas fired combined cycle plant. The moltensaltcooled advanced high temperature reactor ahtr is a new reactor concept designed to provide very high temperature 750 to ec heat to enable efficient lowcost 1 thermochemical production of hydrogen h2 or 2 production of electricity. Pdf high and very high temperature reactor research for. Futterer eu on behalf of the gif vhtr system steering committee michael.
The high temperature reactor and process applications proceedings of an international conference held on 2628 november 1974 this title is not currently available in print. The fort saint vrain helium cooled gas reactor operated in colorado for 12 years, providing valuable insight into the challenges of a heliumcooled reactor. Msr concepts msfr combining the generic assets of fastneutron reactors. The very hightemperature reactor vhtr design descriptions, technology. In particular this report addresses the comments provided by inl and documented in 1463 rev. Very high temperature reactor the 16 very high temperature reactor vhtr core model shown in fig. I suggest this page be moved to high temperature gas cooled reactor. Before joining the department of energy in 1992, mr. Pdf status of the very high temperature reactor system. Group 10s presentation for nre 2110 on the very high temperature reactor design. Pdf very hightemperature reactor vhtr proliferation. The idaho national laboratory released the following exciting news on september 25, 20 idaho falls a safer and more efficient nuclear fuel is on the horizon.
High temperatures reactors for hydrogen production i. Department of energys idaho national laboratory inl and oak ridge national laboratory ornl have reached a new milestone with tristructuralisotropic triso fuel, showing that this fourth. The very high temperature reactor vhtr there has been a recent resurgence of interest for helium cooled high temperature reactors. Sodium cooled fast reactor sfr lead cooled fast reactor lfr gas cooled fast reactor gfr 3 other systems thermal, epithermal molten salt reactor msr epithermal supercritical water reactor scwr thermal or possibly fast very high temperature reactor vhtr thermal concepts for fast reactor versions of the msr. Advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr, a modular reactor using a. The advanced hightemperature reactor the primary challenge for nuclear h2 production is the requirement to deliver heat to the thermochemical plant at very high temperatures.
High pressurehigh temperature reactor systems posted on may 16, 2011 september 26, 2011 parrs customizable reactors and pressure vessels can be designed for up to 5,000 psi and temperatures to 500 c. Tritium transport in very high temperature reactors for. Pdf design options for the advanced hightemperature reactor. A new reactor concept, the advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr, is being developed. Advances in high temperature nuclear reactor fuel triso. Combine overcoated particles with matrix graphite powder to form the fueled zone.
The vhtr system is designed to be a high efficiency system that can supply process heat to a broad spectrum of high temperature and energyintensive, nonelectric processes. High pressurehigh temperature reactor systems parr. High pressure equipment pressure vessels and reactors. High pressure equipment simple closure design allows for easy assemblydisassembly and reliable operation. High temperature gas reactors idaho national laboratory. Apr 18, 2015 group 10s presentation for nre 2110 on the very high temperature reactor design. The status of high temperature gascooled reactor development and design in the united states and other countries important benefits are foreseen from smaller, modular systems by l. In principle all of these consist of a graphite moderated reactor core using.
Compact high temperature reactor chtr introduction it is generally agreed that in the long term, nuclear energy would emerge as the primary source of energy replacing fossil fuel s. Generating unstructured nuclear reactor core meshes in. Safety, high efficiency, process heat application are well recognized for vhtr after fukushima accident, gif concepts must be shown to excel in safety process heat application to reduce co 2 emission is very important vhtr has two stages of commercial target. Several reactors have been built or being constructed. The term typically refers to the next step in the evolutionary development of high temperature gascooled reactors htgrs. High temperature gas cooled reactor fuels and materials. The very high temperature reactor the term very high temperature reactor vhtr loosely covers any reactor design with a coolant outlet temperature of c or above.
High temperature airbacked immersion transducers have been developed with bspt, high temperature epoxy and quarter wavlength nickel plate, needed for wetting ability in liquid sodium. A very high temperature gascooled reactor vhtr is an inherently safe reactor that can produce heat of 750c950c. In addition to producing electricity, the advanced reactor design could also be used to produce hydrogen. In the next generation nuclear plant, the conceptual design is a heliumcooled, graphite moderated reactor with a ceramic core. It is a graphitemoderated, heliumcooled reactor with thermal neutron spectrum. Development of high temperature gascooled reactor htgr, also known as very high temperature gascooled reactor vhtr for its generation iv designs, has continued for over half a century. Graphite also has a high thermal conductivity, which facilitates the transfer of heat to the reflector, and it can withstand high temperatures. Chtr, being developed in barc, is a prototype technology demonstrator reactor in the direction of fulfilling these objectives.
Generation iv fast reactors university of cambridge. Veryhightemperature reactor vhtr among the 6 candidates of the gen iv nuclear systems in the technical roadmap of gen iv international forum gif, the very high temperature reactor vhtr is primarily dedicated to the cogeneration of electricity and hydrogen, the latter being extracted from water by using thermochemical, electrochemical or hybrid processes. The ngnp reactor core will be either a prismatic graphite block type. Several facilities combining 3 elementary processes to a thermochemical. The cooling water requirements are about 40% of a conventional light water reactor. Veryhightemperature reactor presented by taher, md iktiham bin 15983781 khan, md rabiul islam 15982791 islam, kazi rashedul 15984751 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. All these reactors are primarily fuelled by triso tri isostructural coated particles. For asme code stamping of hip vessels, please consult factory for available reactor designs, materials, and pressure ratings. Suggest move to high temperature gas cooled reactor. A very important aspect of the design of a high temperature gas cooled reactor htr is to predict the neutronics of the reactor, as this determines the fission heat release. Pdf the advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr is a new reactor concept under development that uses a solid hightemperature fuel. Very high temperature reactor vhtr inl digital library. Further discussion of the topics, and some additional material will be found in the phd thesis currently being prepared by prathamesh bilgundi, which is expected to be submitted by may 2018.
Dec 19, 2016 very high temperature reactor presented by taher, md iktiham bin 15983781 khan, md rabiul islam 15982791 islam, kazi rashedul 15984751 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Thermal hydraulics of the very high temperature gas cooled. The high graphite inventory provides significant thermal inertia. In addition, this report includes updated information on codes and standards for high temperature gas cooled reactors htgrs at the time of.
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